Different Types of Information Systems
As can be seen in the pyramid there are a lot of different information systems. A lot of information systems combine different types. They all have different purposes and because they can be confusing, knowledge of information science is essential to make an information system succesful.
As can be seen in the pyramid there are a lot of different information systems. A lot of information systems combine different types. They all have different purposes and because they can be confusing, knowledge of information science is essential to make an information system succesful.
Executive Information System
An Executive Information System (EIS) is a type of management information system intended to facilitate and support the information and decision-making needs of senior executives by providing easy access to both internal and external information relevant to meeting the strategic goals of the organization. It is commonly considered as a specialized form of a Decision Support System (DSS).
Decision Support Systems
Decision Support Systems (DSS) are a specific class of computerized information systems that supports business and organizational decision-making activities. A properly-designed DSS is an interactive software-based system intended to help decision makers compile useful information from raw data, documents, personal knowledge, and/or business models to identify and solve problems and make decisions.
Management Reporting Systems
Management Reporting Systems are intended to provide aggregated data about the performance of the organization. Usually these are created from data generated by the knowledge or operational layers of information systems
Business Intelligence Systems
Business Intelligence (BI) refers to skills, technologies, applications and practices used to help a business acquire a better understanding of its commercial context. Business intelligence may also refer to the collected information itself.
BI technologies provide historical, current, and predictive views of business operations. Common functions of business intelligence technologies are reporting, OLAP, analytics, data mining, business performance management, benchmarks, text mining, and predictive analytics.
Popular closed source (e.g. Business Objects (SAP) or Cognos) and open source (e.g. JasperSoft or Pentaho) software often have the functionality that can provide information for the different types of information systems that are shown in the pyramid.
Office Information Systems
Office Information Systems provide information to the organization that is not directly available from operational support systems. Often this is textual data(e.g. Office-documents or E-mail), but it can also be a CRM (Customer Relationship Management) system. Intranet and wiki's are very popular applications of these.
Knowledge Management Systems
Knowledge Management Systems are meant to facilitate knowledge management in an organization. As described in our approach and in the knowledge creation cycle they are only part (although very important) of a knowledge management strategy. It is not an Office Information System as is often thought and should be smaller in size than Office Information System. If implemented and used properly they can be considered as force multipliers for an organization.
Transaction Processing Systems
A Transaction Processing System is a set of information which process the data transaction in database system that monitors transaction programs (a special kind of program). The essence of a transaction program is that it manages data that must be left in a consistent state. These are usually databases.
An Executive Information System (EIS) is a type of management information system intended to facilitate and support the information and decision-making needs of senior executives by providing easy access to both internal and external information relevant to meeting the strategic goals of the organization. It is commonly considered as a specialized form of a Decision Support System (DSS).
Decision Support Systems
Decision Support Systems (DSS) are a specific class of computerized information systems that supports business and organizational decision-making activities. A properly-designed DSS is an interactive software-based system intended to help decision makers compile useful information from raw data, documents, personal knowledge, and/or business models to identify and solve problems and make decisions.
Management Reporting Systems
Management Reporting Systems are intended to provide aggregated data about the performance of the organization. Usually these are created from data generated by the knowledge or operational layers of information systems
Business Intelligence Systems
Business Intelligence (BI) refers to skills, technologies, applications and practices used to help a business acquire a better understanding of its commercial context. Business intelligence may also refer to the collected information itself.
BI technologies provide historical, current, and predictive views of business operations. Common functions of business intelligence technologies are reporting, OLAP, analytics, data mining, business performance management, benchmarks, text mining, and predictive analytics.
Popular closed source (e.g. Business Objects (SAP) or Cognos) and open source (e.g. JasperSoft or Pentaho) software often have the functionality that can provide information for the different types of information systems that are shown in the pyramid.
Office Information Systems
Office Information Systems provide information to the organization that is not directly available from operational support systems. Often this is textual data(e.g. Office-documents or E-mail), but it can also be a CRM (Customer Relationship Management) system. Intranet and wiki's are very popular applications of these.
Knowledge Management Systems
Knowledge Management Systems are meant to facilitate knowledge management in an organization. As described in our approach and in the knowledge creation cycle they are only part (although very important) of a knowledge management strategy. It is not an Office Information System as is often thought and should be smaller in size than Office Information System. If implemented and used properly they can be considered as force multipliers for an organization.
Transaction Processing Systems
A Transaction Processing System is a set of information which process the data transaction in database system that monitors transaction programs (a special kind of program). The essence of a transaction program is that it manages data that must be left in a consistent state. These are usually databases.
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